Cutaneous Manifestations of Ebola Virus Infection

Ebola epidemic was never recognized initially in West Africa as the number of deaths was insignificant compared to more mundane causes such as diarrhea and malnutrition. However an American causality in July 2014 made the word take cognizance of the emerging disaster.

Ebolavirus belonging to the Filoviridae family is one of the most virulent human pathogen causing fulminant hemorrhagic fever with a fatality rate of upto 90%! Fruit bats are the likely reservoir, and human infection occurs through contact with bats or infected animal carcasses or by person-to-person contact (through body fluids, medical care, and burial practices)

Cutaneous manifestations are never prominent but may aid diagnosis. The common cutaneous manifestations are a measles like maculo-papular rash predominantly distributed on the upper arms, flexor surface of the forearms and upper legs. The rash usually starts on the 5th – 6th day subsiding with desquamation after 2 weeks. Desquamation is prominent over the palms and soles. Purpuric or petechial rashes and red eye are also common. Jaundice may be seen in very severe cases with multi-organ failure. Immunohistochemical examination of skin biopsy can confirm diagnosis.

An experimental Ebola vaccine called VSV-EBOV was developed in the Canadian city of Winnipeg recently that offers some hope to the victims. The VSV-EBOV vaccine will be offered to West Africa, though it is untested in humans considering the extraordinary circumstances. The Ebola research in Winnipeg was led by Dr Heinz Feldmann.
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Bell Eapen

AI, machine learning & digital health consultant at SkinHelpDesk

Techie Dermatologist, Information Systems PhD, Supporter of Open-Source Software, Machine Learning and AI geek,loves cricket, Canadian wine and beer. [Resume]

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